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Exam: 13

B category; en

The effect of inertia on the vehicle (risk of sliding sideways) when cornering is reduced by:

The higher the vehicle's speed when cornering, the greater the effect of inertia and the higher the risk of the car sliding sideways. Lower speeds reduce inertia and the risk of sliding. A larger turning radius (a gentler curve) also reduces lateral inertial forces.

1. By decreasing the turning radius (making the turn tighter).

2. By reducing vehicle speed.

3. By increasing the turning radius (making the curve gentler).

How should you drive to minimize fuel consumption and maximize range?

Driving uphill requires more power than driving on level ground. Therefore, maintain a steady speed and avoid accelerating on climbs. It is reasonable to increase speed on level sections or when driving downhill. At a constant speed, using a higher gear reduces engine revolutions; lower revolutions mean the engine works less and uses less fuel. Do not coast in neutral when descending — this is not only uneconomical but also unsafe. While coasting downhill, vehicle systems may cut fuel supply, so the instrument reading can show 0.0 l/100 km (if you do not press the accelerator). It is most economical to start moving immediately after you start the engine. Idling a stationary vehicle consumes fuel and emits pollutants; the engine will warm up and reach normal operating temperature during driving (unless there is a malfunction).

1. Shift into neutral and coast when descending a hill.

2. Avoid accelerating when driving uphill.

3. Use the highest appropriate gear possible.

4. Delay driving until the engine reaches normal operating temperature.

Is it permitted to transport dogs in a motor vehicle?

206. The driver must ensure the safety of pets in the vehicle and make sure they are transported in a way that does not interfere with driving and does not cause injury to the animals or to vehicle occupants if the vehicle stops suddenly.

1. Permitted, provided the animals are secured or restrained so they do not interfere with driving and do not pose a risk of injury to themselves or to the vehicle’s occupants in the event of a sudden stop.

2. Permitted only when the dogs are placed on the vehicle’s front seat.

3. Permitted only when the dogs are placed on the vehicle’s rear seat.

4. Prohibited.

What shouldn't you do to avoid unnecessary noise?

Driving smoothly and in a civilised manner is important to avoid unnecessary noise. Sudden engine revs, hard braking or wheel locks make loud noises and disturb others. Knocking on doors or unnecessary use of the horn violates the principle of public order. Such actions not only cause noise pollution but also indicate irresponsible driving behaviour.

1. You shouldn't increase engine rotational speed sharply.

2. You shouldn't slam the vehicle door shut.

3. You shouldn't use the horn signal unnecessarily.

4. You shouldn't brake by locking up the wheels.

You are driving at night on a narrow road. The vehicle ahead, traveling slowly, has its left turn signal on. What will you do?

You cannot overtake on the right because you are on a narrow road. Overtaking on the right of a vehicle that is turning left is permitted only if there is sufficient space on the carriageway. RTR 136. Drivers are advised to avoid unnecessary overtaking maneuvers. Before overtaking, drivers must exercise extra caution and ensure that: 136.1 none of the drivers behind has already begun to overtake; 136.2 the driver of the vehicle to be overtaken is not indicating a left turn; 136.3 the portion of lane required for overtaking is clear and the maneuver will not obstruct oncoming vehicles or pedestrians using the carriageway; 136.4 a safe distance from the vehicle being overtaken will be maintained during the maneuver; 136.5 after overtaking they will be able to return to the same traffic lane safely without obstructing the overtaken vehicle. RTR 137. If the vehicle in front is indicating a left turn and has changed lanes to make that left turn (or to turn around), vehicles following must pass the turning vehicle on the right or wait until it leaves the traffic lane.

1. You will pass the vehicle on the right.

2. You will not overtake the vehicle while its left turn signal remains on.

3. You will switch on your high-beam headlights before overtaking the vehicle.

4. You will activate your left turn signal and sound the horn.

You are preparing to turn left. When should you begin watching for vehicles behind you?

For safety, check the vehicles behind you before changing lanes so you don't force them to brake suddenly. Also monitor following traffic immediately before turning, since other drivers may change speed or perform unexpected manoeuvres.

1. Both before changing lanes and immediately before turning.

2. After you activate your turn signal, you may ignore vehicles behind you.

3. Only after you have moved into the left lane.

What factors determine the severity of aquaplaning (a layer of water that can form between the tyre and the road surface during rain on asphalt)?

When vehicle speed increases, the layer of water on the road becomes deeper. Heavier rainfall also increases the water layer during driving. On roads with a transverse crown (where the carriageway is higher in the centre), the water layer is thinner because rainwater drains off the surface toward the edges more quickly. On asphalt, a tyre can displace only as much water as the volume available in its tread.

1. Vehicle speed.

2. Rainfall intensity.

3. Tyre tread depth.

4. Tyre height.

Is a driver involved in a road accident required to transport injured persons to the nearest healthcare facility in a private vehicle when the accident occurs within a built-up area?

XXIX. Obligations of Road Users in the Event of a Road Accident (paras. 219–222) 219. In the event of a road accident, every driver involved or any other road user must: 219.5. take all necessary measures to provide first aid to the injured, call an ambulance, or — when calling an ambulance or transporting the injured to a healthcare institution by other means is impossible — convey them to the nearest healthcare institution in a private vehicle, unless such transportation would endanger their life or health.

1. Yes — but only if calling an ambulance or transporting the injured to a medical facility by other means is impossible.

2. No — the driver is not required to do so.

Which statement is correct?

In the summer season, you can drive on winter tires without studs. We usually use such winter tires in the summer when their tread depth is already about 3 mm, and during the winter season it is possible to use such winter tires with a tread depth of at least 3 mm. The tread depth of tires used in the summer season must not be less than 1.6 mm. RTR XXX. REQUIREMENTS FOR VEHICLES (p. 223-235) 229. Vehicles with studded tyres must not be used from April 10 to October 31. During the warm season, it is recommended to use vehicles with summer tyres. If the winter conditions are prolonged, the order of the Minister of Transport and Communications could extend the use of studded tyres. 230. From 10 November to 31 March motor vehicles other than mopeds, motorcycles, tricycles, all types of quadricycles, and trailers must not be operated with summer tyres. Mopeds, motorcycles, tricycles, and all types of quadricycles with summer tyres must not be operated in December–February as well as in March-November if any part of a carriageway is covered in snow or ice. JB

1. Summer tires can be used in winter.

2. In summer, you can drive on winter studless tires.

3. You can only drive on summer tires in summer, and only on winter tires in winter.

How should you drive safely on a steep slope?

Driver competencies - category B: A vehicle will begin to skid when the tires lose traction with the road surface. This may occur on inclines, slopes, or in strong crosswinds.

1. Drive at maximum speed.

2. Drive with the engine turned off.

3. Drive slowly, avoiding sudden steering or braking movements.

How dangerous is a sudden increase in engine RPM while driving on a slippery road?

If the road surface is slippery or the engine delivers strong torque and the revs increase abruptly, the driven wheels can spin. When the driven wheels are at the rear, the rear axle may lose traction; when they are at the front, the front axle may lose traction, which can cause the vehicle to lose stability and skid.

1. The fuel filter may fail.

2. The fuel pump may fail.

3. If the tractive force of the wheels exceeds the available grip with the road, the vehicle can lose stability and begin to slide.

You are driving in heavy rain. The steering wheel suddenly gets very easy to turn. What will you do?

If the steering wheel gets very easy to turn, it means that the vehicle tyres lost their traction on a slippery road surface. In this case, you have to reduce your speed. You should do it slowly because an abrupt change of engine revolutions or braking on a slippery road surface may cause the vehicle to skid or slide.

1. You will slightly increase your speed.

2. You will slowly release the accelerator.

3. You will suddenly brake to reduce your speed.

4. You will move towards the hard shoulder.

How can you conserve fuel and reduce environmental pollution?

Carrying a 100 kg load in city driving increases fuel consumption by about 0.5 L per 100 km. The air conditioner consumes approximately 0.5–1.0 L/100 km; a fan consumes about 0.08–0.3 L/100 km; the radio about 0.06–0.21 L/100 km; modern audio systems about 0.2–0.7 L/100 km. JB

1. Remove unnecessary items from the vehicle before driving.

2. Use the air conditioner only when necessary.

3. Use electrical accessories only when necessary.

What must the drivers do if one vehicle catches up to the other while both are driving outside a settlement with their headlights on high beam?

The driver of the following vehicle must dip their headlights so as not to dazzle the driver ahead. The vehicle in front should switch to low beam only if the following vehicle begins to overtake, to avoid dazzling that driver. RTR 95. During darkness or in poor visibility, main beam headlights must be switched to low beam: 95.1 on illuminated roads; 95.2 when the distance to a vehicle approaching from the opposite direction is at least 150 m; 95.3 in other cases when main beam lights can dazzle other drivers (even travelling in the same direction). JB

1. The driver of the vehicle ahead must switch from high beam to low beam when the following vehicle begins to overtake.

2. The driver of the vehicle ahead must activate the hazard warning lights.

3. The driver of the following vehicle must switch from high beam to low beam.

Which motor vehicles are prohibited from entering the area designated by this road sign?

1. Motorcycles (two‑wheeled motor vehicles)

2. Light quadricycles (small four‑wheeled motor vehicles)

3. Mopeds (low‑powered two‑wheel motor vehicles)

4. Bicycles (pedal‑powered two‑wheel vehicles)

When should a driver move back into the right-hand lane after overtaking another vehicle?

RTR 136. Drivers should avoid unnecessary overtaking maneuvers. Before overtaking, drivers must take extra precautions and ensure that: 136.1. no driver behind them has already started to overtake; 136.2. the driver of the vehicle to be overtaken is not indicating a left turn; 136.3. the section of lane required for overtaking is clear, and the overtaking vehicle will not obstruct oncoming traffic or pedestrians on the roadway; 136.4. a safe distance from the vehicle being overtaken can be maintained during the maneuver; 136.5. after completing the overtaking maneuver, they will be able to return to the same lane safely without obstructing the overtaken vehicle.

1. Immediately after overtaking.

2. When the driver is more than 100 metres ahead of the overtaken vehicle.

3. When the overtaking driver can see the overtaken vehicle in the rear‑view mirror.

What should you do if a vehicle behind you is dazzling you with its lights?

If bright headlights are reflected in your rearview mirror, in addition to the measures listed in Paragraph 96 you can quickly activate the mirror's anti‑dazzle setting by flipping the switch at its base (if fitted). This engages the automatic dimming function and reduces glare. According to RTR 96, a dazzled driver must turn on the hazard warning lights, reduce speed without changing direction, and stop if necessary.

1. You will look away.

2. If possible, activate the rearview mirror's automatic dimming function.

3. You will turn on your hazard warning lights.

4. You will reduce speed and stop if necessary.

Is it permitted to drive a vehicle without a catalytic converter when the vehicle manufacturer designates it as mandatory?

RTR 15. Driving vehicles that are not in good condition and that do not meet the technical requirements for vehicles (hereinafter referred to as "technical requirements") is prohibited. Before setting off, the driver of a motor vehicle, tractor, or self-propelled machine must ensure the vehicle is in proper condition and that it carries a warning triangle, fire extinguisher, first aid kit, and any other items required for specific vehicle types. The driver must also monitor the vehicle's technical condition during the trip. If the vehicle breaks down while driving and therefore does not meet the technical requirements and cannot be repaired, the driver may proceed to the nearest parking area or vehicle repair facility, taking all necessary precautions, except in the cases specified in paragraph 234 of these Rules.

1. It is permitted if a plain exhaust pipe is installed instead of a catalytic converter.

2. It is permitted.

3. It is not permitted.

4. A vehicle is not required to be fitted with a catalytic converter.

At an uncontrolled intersection, if the paths of the vehicles do not cross, which vehicle has the right of way?

If the vehicles' paths do not intersect, they may proceed simultaneously.

1. The vehicle approaching from the right.

2. The vehicle approaching from the left.

3. All vehicles may proceed simultaneously.

When driving and you discover that a bend in the road is sharper than you anticipated, you should:

If a bend in the road is sharper than anticipated, you must reduce your speed.

1. You should reduce your speed.

2. You should attempt to decrease your turning radius.

3. You should accelerate.

4. You should maintain your current speed.

Is it permitted to transport passengers while teaching someone to drive?

RTR 195. Drivers must not: 6) teach another person to drive or transport children under 14 years of age; JB

1. Prohibited.

2. Permitted.

3. Permitted, but only for passengers aged 14 years or older.

Under what circumstances are drivers prohibited from operating a vehicle?

IV 15. It is prohibited to drive vehicles that are not in good condition or that fail to meet the applicable technical requirements. Before setting off, the driver of a motor vehicle, tractor, or self-propelled vehicle must ensure the vehicle is in proper condition and is equipped with a warning triangle, fire extinguisher, first-aid kit, and any other items mandated for that vehicle type. The driver must also monitor the vehicle's technical condition during the trip. If the vehicle breaks down while driving and ceases to meet technical requirements, and repairs on-site are impossible, the driver may proceed—taking all necessary precautions—to the nearest parking area or repair facility, except in cases specified in paragraph 234 of these Rules.

1. When the engine has not yet warmed up to its optimal operating temperature.

2. When the vehicle's fuel tank is not full.

3. When the vehicle is not in roadworthy condition.

4. When the vehicle does not meet the required technical standards.

Where must the driver stop, according to traffic rules, when a prohibitory traffic signal or a traffic regulator's signal is in effect?

RTR 165 p. When a prohibitory traffic signal or a traffic regulator's signal is displayed, the driver must stop before the 'Stop line' road sign and/or before the marked stop line. If neither is present, the driver must stop before the traffic light, before the junction or the connecting carriageway, before a pedestrian crossing, or before a bicycle crossing, in such a position that does not obstruct vehicular or pedestrian traffic.

1. Before the 'Stop line' road sign and/or before the marked stop line.

2. So as not to obstruct vehicular traffic.

3. So as not to obstruct pedestrian traffic.

Which factor is considered the primary risk when driving on snowy roads?

1. Driver error (human factor)

2. Adverse weather conditions

3. Slippery road surface

Must a rear-seat passenger wear a seat belt while the vehicle is in motion?

Drivers and all passengers must wear seat belts in vehicles that are equipped with them. In buses fitted with seat belts, a "Fasten Your Seat Belt" notice must be displayed in a clearly visible location in front of each seat, on the seat, or adjacent to it. It is recommended that all bus passengers be informed of the seat belt requirement — either verbally or by audiovisual means — before the journey begins.

1. Yes — you are required to wear a seat belt.

2. No — you are not required to wear a seat belt.

When is a child allowed to be transported in a child restraint (appropriate for their size and weight) on the front passenger seat of a motor vehicle?

RTR 201. Do not place a rear-facing child restraint suitable for the child's size on the front passenger seat if that seat is protected by an active airbag. This prohibition does not apply when the front passenger airbag is deactivated. It is recommended that children remain as long as possible in a rear-facing child restraint adapted to their height and weight, in accordance with the child seat manufacturer's instructions.

1. Only in a forward-facing child seat.

2. A child may be transported in a rear-facing child restraint on the front passenger seat if the vehicle has no front passenger airbag.

3. A child may be transported in a rear-facing child restraint on the front passenger seat if the front passenger airbag has been deactivated.

Cyclists must not:

RTR 38. Persons moving in a wheelchair, or guiding a motorcycle, moped, bicycle, motorised two‑wheeled vehicle, electric micromobility device, or pulling (pushing) a sledge or handcart along the shoulder or edge of the carriageway must proceed in single file and only in the direction of traffic. RTR 64. Cyclists must not: 64.1. ride on the carriageway, except in cases permitted by the Rules. RTR 57. Bicycles may be ridden only on cycle tracks, combined footpath/cycle tracks, or cycle lanes; if none of these are available, bicycles may be ridden on a suitable hard shoulder (with asphalt or concrete surfacing). When a right‑side cycle track, combined footpath/cycle track, cycle lane, or suitable hard shoulder is not available or is unsuitable for cycling (for example, pitted), cyclists may use the pavement or ride in single file on the right‑hand lane of the carriageway, keeping to the right edge of the lane, except in the cases specified in paragraph 106 of these Rules and except when cyclists must bypass an obstruction or continue straight where turning right from the first lane is the only permitted manoeuvre. When riding on a hard shoulder, footpath, cycle track, or pavement, a cyclist must yield to pedestrians, must not obstruct or endanger them, and should pass pedestrians at a speed close to walking pace (3–7 km/h), leaving sufficient lateral clearance to ensure safety.

1. Ride on the carriageway except when no cycle track, cycle lane, or suitable hard shoulder is available.

2. Ride against the flow of traffic.

3. Walk (push) their bicycle in the same direction as vehicular traffic.

Is the third vehicle permitted to make a U‑turn?

The leading vehicle is not permitted to turn left and therefore may not make a U‑turn (RTR 77.1). When the signal arm is extended sideways or downward: 77.1.1 vehicles to the left and right may proceed straight or turn right; pedestrians may cross the carriageway; 77.1.2 vehicles and pedestrians ahead of and behind the signaling vehicle must not proceed. JB

1. Yes — it may.

2. No — it is not permitted.

3. Yes — but only after yielding to the first vehicle proceeding straight.

You see a flashing white light and the barrier is fully raised. Are you permitted to cross the level crossing in this situation?

RTR 73. Traffic light signals: 73.10. A flashing white light used at level crossings indicates that vehicles may proceed only after confirming that no rail-borne vehicle is approaching the crossing.

1. Yes — but only after you have verified that no train or other rail vehicle is approaching the level crossing.

2. No — you may not proceed.

What does the letter 'R' indicate in tyre markings?

The letter 'R' denotes a radial tyre construction. In a radial tyre, the carcass cords run from one bead to the other in a radial direction instead of being wrapped around the bead cores. Thin, flexible crown plies provide the tread area with the required rigidity and flexibility while minimizing elastic deformation.

1. The tyre's construction (radial construction).

2. Tyre diameter.

3. Tyre load index.

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