RTR 3.17. "Crossroads" means the area bounded by imaginary lines drawn from the outer edges of the intersecting carriageways, regardless of whether those edges are widened or rounded.

RTR 201. Do not place a rear-facing child restraint suitable for the child's size on the front passenger seat if that seat is protected by an active airbag. This prohibition does not apply when the front passenger airbag is deactivated. It is recommended that children remain as long as possible in a rear-facing child restraint adapted to their height and weight, in accordance with the child seat manufacturer's instructions.

RTR 107. When, due to a vehicle's large size or other valid reasons, it is not possible to complete a turn (turn around) from the appropriate edge position of the carriageway, the vehicle may perform the turn from a part of the carriageway other than that edge assigned for travel in that direction, provided the maneuver does not obstruct other vehicles or create a hazard for other road users. JB

High speed is unsafe on icy roads because the slippery surface increases braking distance; therefore you should drive slowly. On slippery roads, also try to prevent excessive wheel slip by keeping engine revolutions low — a higher gear results in lower engine RPM. Select a gear appropriate for your speed, but ensure it is as high as possible. If you feel the vehicle beginning to skid, immediately and gently release the accelerator and do not change the clutch pedal position.

The distance between a stationary vehicle and a solid line (or the kerb) must be at least 3 metres. If the distance is exactly 3 metres, standing and parking are permitted. If the distance is less than 3 metres (for example, 2 metres), standing and parking are prohibited. RTR 150. Standing and parking are prohibited: 150.7 where there is a distance of less than 3 m between a stationary vehicle and a solid line of the road marking, the kerb, or, in its absence, the edge of the carriageway;

When driving at night and during blowing snow, you should switch on the fog lamps together with the dipped-beam (low-beam) headlamps. Using the main-beam (high-beam) headlamps will cause light to reflect off the snow and dazzle the driver. (RTR 98) Fog lamps should only be used when visibility is seriously reduced; the front fog lamps may also be used in the event of failure of the front left dipped-beam headlamp.

The higher the vehicle's speed when cornering, the greater the effect of inertia and the higher the risk of the car sliding sideways. Lower speeds reduce inertia and the risk of sliding. A larger turning radius (a gentler curve) also reduces lateral inertial forces.

Always make safety your priority. That means thinking ahead, planning your actions, and anticipating the behavior of other road users.

The Driver Behaviour Manual states: If another vehicle's overtaking endangers or inconveniences traffic in the oncoming lane, the driver of the vehicle being overtaken must try to prevent a hazardous situation by: (1) reducing speed; (2) moving to the side; (3) stopping if necessary. Section 128: If there is an obstruction or traffic safety is at risk, the driver must slow down and, if required, bring the vehicle to a complete stop or go around the obstruction (if it can be seen), provided this can be done without endangering other road users. Section 135: Drivers must not: 135.4. decelerate sharply for reasons other than safety.

Using the horn may distract the driver being overtaken but will not prevent the overtaking; they may still accelerate to complete the manoeuvre. Obstructing an overtaking vehicle includes actions such as accelerating, steering toward the overtaking vehicle, blocking the lane, or any other behaviour intended to prevent another driver from passing. RTR 138. The driver of a vehicle being overtaken must not obstruct drivers who wish to pass by speeding up or by any other action. RTR 136. Drivers are advised to avoid unnecessary overtaking manoeuvres. Before overtaking, drivers must take extra precautions and ensure that: 136.1. no driver behind them has already begun to overtake; 136.2. the driver of the vehicle to be overtaken is not signalling a left turn; 136.3. the section of lane required for overtaking is clear and the manoeuvre will not obstruct oncoming vehicles or pedestrians on the carriageway; 136.4. a safe distance from the vehicle being overtaken can be maintained during the overtaking; 136.5. after the overtaking manoeuvre they will be able to return to the same traffic lane safely without obstructing the overtaken vehicle. JB

23. Drivers must not take part in vehicle races that are organized illegally.

RTR 219. In the event of a road accident, every driver involved or any other road user must: 219.3. upon the request of other road users involved in the accident, present a valid identity document or a valid driving licence, and a certificate (policy) of compulsory third‑party motor vehicle liability insurance in order to identify the insurer;

If the vehicle begins to slide while braking, you must stop braking. For example, if you brake suddenly and lock the wheels before a turn, even after steering into the desired direction the car will continue moving in its previous direction (straight), which can cause you to leave the road or collide with an obstacle. Therefore, in this situation you must consciously release the brakes — a maneuver that can be especially difficult for an inexperienced driver. JB

The letter 'R' denotes a radial tyre construction. In a radial tyre, the carcass cords run from one bead to the other in a radial direction instead of being wrapped around the bead cores. Thin, flexible crown plies provide the tread area with the required rigidity and flexibility while minimizing elastic deformation.

Driving uphill requires more power than driving on level ground. Therefore, maintain a steady speed and avoid accelerating on climbs. It is reasonable to increase speed on level sections or when driving downhill. At a constant speed, using a higher gear reduces engine revolutions; lower revolutions mean the engine works less and uses less fuel. Do not coast in neutral when descending — this is not only uneconomical but also unsafe. While coasting downhill, vehicle systems may cut fuel supply, so the instrument reading can show 0.0 l/100 km (if you do not press the accelerator). It is most economical to start moving immediately after you start the engine. Idling a stationary vehicle consumes fuel and emits pollutants; the engine will warm up and reach normal operating temperature during driving (unless there is a malfunction).

RTR 195. Drivers must not: 6) teach another person to drive or transport children under 14 years of age; JB

A narrow continuous (solid) line prohibits overtaking. There is an exception when the road has both a narrow solid line and the road sign "Overtaking Prohibited" (RTR Annex 1.325): that sign indicates overtaking is prohibited except for single vehicles or single-vehicle combinations traveling slower than 30 km/h, which means very slow-moving vehicles (e.g., tractors) may be passed. In the pictured case there is no such sign—only a continuous line—so overtaking, even of a very slowly moving tractor, is not permitted. RTR Annex 1.805 "The Validity Zone Ahead" indicates the length of the zone to which a sign applies beyond the sign itself. Horizontal Marking 1.1: A narrow solid line separates opposing traffic and forbids drivers from using the oncoming lane on the marked section; it also marks lane boundaries, carriageway areas vehicles are prohibited from entering, parking-space limits, and the carriageway edge. Vehicles must not cross this line except where it marks the edge of the carriageway or a parking space.

Light, bright-colored vehicles are most visible to other road users. (JB)

RTR 26. Drivers of other vehicles must not enter the space between a learner driver—who is learning to operate a moped, motorcycle, tricycle, or any type of quadricycle—and the driving instructor who is accompanying the learner in a vehicle. During the training period the learner must wear a high-visibility vest marked with the distinguishing sign 'M' on both the front and the back. A driving instructor who accompanies the learner on a motorcycle must also wear a vest of the same type bearing the words 'DRIVING INSTRUCTOR'. If the instructor accompanies the learner in a car, the car must display the identifying marking specified in Annex 4 of these Rules.

RTR 3.1. "Service vehicles" are vehicles owned by companies, institutions, or organisations operating in an area marked by restrictive signs; vehicles belonging to persons who live or work in that area; vehicles delivering goods to that area or collecting goods from it; and taxis or other passenger vehicles providing paid transport to or from that area.

Under amendments to the Law on Road Traffic Safety that took effect on 1 January 2015, novice drivers (those with less than two years' driving experience) are considered intoxicated if the alcohol concentration in their breath or bodily fluids exceeds 0. LAW ON ROAD TRAFFIC SAFETY, Article 2, clause 43 defines 'condition under the influence of alcohol' as the state when the concentration of ethyl alcohol in a biological medium of the body (breath, blood, urine, saliva, or other bodily fluids) exceeds the statutory permissible limit. The general maximum permitted concentration of ethyl alcohol in breath, blood, urine, saliva, or other bodily fluids while driving is 0.4 per mille. However, novice drivers, taxi drivers, drivers of mopeds, motorcycles, tricycles, light quadricycles, quadricycles, powerful quadricycles, drivers of vehicles with a maximum permissible mass exceeding 3.5 tonnes or with more than nine seats, and drivers carrying dangerous goods are considered intoxicated when the ethyl alcohol concentration in their breath, blood, urine, saliva, or other bodily fluids is more than 0 per mille.

Even if the overtaking vehicle will exceed the speed limit while overtaking and thus violate the rules, you must not endanger yourself or others; you should allow the overtaking to take place. Road users must follow the principle of mutual respect and safety. 138. The driver of the vehicle being overtaken must not obstruct drivers who wish to overtake that vehicle by accelerating or by any other actions.

RTR 77.2. Right arm extended forward: 77.2.1. Vehicles on the left side of the traffic officer may proceed in any direction; 77.2.2. Vehicles facing the traffic officer may proceed only to the right; 77.2.3. Vehicles behind the traffic officer and on the right side must not proceed; 77.2.4. Pedestrians may cross the carriageway behind the traffic officer.

If the load projects less than 1 m beyond the front or rear of the vehicle, marking is not required (RTR 2.10). Any motor vehicle carrying a load that extends more than 1 m beyond the front or rear, or beyond the sides of the vehicle, must have the extremities of the load marked as specified in Annex 4 to these Rules (RTR 4.12). The extremities of loads protruding more than 1 m in front or rear, any projection to the side, and extremities of vehicles wider than 2.6 m must bear distinguishing marks — 400 mm square plates covered with alternating diagonal reflective white and red stripes 50 mm wide. These plates must be mounted not lower than 0.4 m and not higher than 1.6 m above ground level. During hours of darkness or when visibility is poor, such vehicles must have lights at the projecting points: white at the front, amber at the sides and red at the rear. JB

If bright headlights are reflected in your rearview mirror, in addition to the measures listed in Paragraph 96 you can quickly activate the mirror's anti‑dazzle setting by flipping the switch at its base (if fitted). This engages the automatic dimming function and reduces glare. According to RTR 96, a dazzled driver must turn on the hazard warning lights, reduce speed without changing direction, and stop if necessary.

If the red battery warning light illuminates while the engine is running, it indicates the alternator (generator) has failed and the battery is not being charged.

RTR 38. Persons moving in a wheelchair, or guiding a motorcycle, moped, bicycle, motorised two‑wheeled vehicle, electric micromobility device, or pulling (pushing) a sledge or handcart along the shoulder or edge of the carriageway must proceed in single file and only in the direction of traffic. RTR 64. Cyclists must not: 64.1. ride on the carriageway, except in cases permitted by the Rules. RTR 57. Bicycles may be ridden only on cycle tracks, combined footpath/cycle tracks, or cycle lanes; if none of these are available, bicycles may be ridden on a suitable hard shoulder (with asphalt or concrete surfacing). When a right‑side cycle track, combined footpath/cycle track, cycle lane, or suitable hard shoulder is not available or is unsuitable for cycling (for example, pitted), cyclists may use the pavement or ride in single file on the right‑hand lane of the carriageway, keeping to the right edge of the lane, except in the cases specified in paragraph 106 of these Rules and except when cyclists must bypass an obstruction or continue straight where turning right from the first lane is the only permitted manoeuvre. When riding on a hard shoulder, footpath, cycle track, or pavement, a cyclist must yield to pedestrians, must not obstruct or endanger them, and should pass pedestrians at a speed close to walking pace (3–7 km/h), leaving sufficient lateral clearance to ensure safety.

According to rule 131.1: On motorways, from April to October the maximum speed for passenger cars, goods vehicles with a permissible maximum weight up to 3.5 tonnes, motorcycles, and tricycles is 130 km/h, and from November to March it is 110 km/h. On expressways (highways) the limit is 120 km/h from April to October and 110 km/h from November to March. On roads with asphalt or concrete pavement the limit is 90 km/h, and on other roads it is 70 km/h.

Wild animals typically travel in groups. If you see a lone roe deer, deer, or wild boar, others are likely nearby. Herding instincts lead animals to cross roads together rather than individually.

Dipped-beam headlights are not required when daytime running lights are illuminated (not all vehicles have them). RTR 10. Road users must not deliberately move, cover, remove, or install traffic control devices that regulate traffic; obstruct the carriageway; leave objects on the road or otherwise interfere with traffic; damage the road surface, traffic control devices, outdoor emergency communication systems, or planted lawns; block access to a fire hydrant or other rescue equipment or otherwise prevent access to them; throw any items from a vehicle or litter; discharge lubricants in undesignated areas; or otherwise pollute the environment.