Difference between active and passive safety: - Active safety: systems and features that help prevent accidents by improving vehicle control, handling and stability before a collision occurs. These measures operate before an impact and commonly include technologies such as Anti-lock Braking System (ABS), Electronic Brakeforce Distribution (EBD), traction control, correct tyre pressure and adequate tread depth, among others. Active safety also depends on the driver’s condition and behavior — for example, poor ventilation or heating can cause drowsiness or nausea and reduce attention on the road. - Passive safety: systems and equipment designed to reduce injury and damage during or after a collision. These features are activated in a crash to protect occupants and other road users and include seat belts, airbags, motorcycle helmets, seat-belt reminders, head restraints, crumple zones and other structural or restraint systems that absorb impact and lower the risk of injury.

According to traffic regulations, there are no specific locations where braking is prohibited. Braking is necessary to ensure road safety; therefore drivers must brake whenever required.

RTR 82. A driver must indicate intended manoeuvres by using the vehicle's left or right turn indicators, or by arm signals if the indicators are unavailable or inoperative. 82.1. Signals must be given before starting to move and before stopping. RTR 86. Warning signals must be given to other road users with sufficient advance notice before the manoeuvre (including any braking related to the manoeuvre) and must be discontinued immediately after the manoeuvre (hand signals may be stopped before the manoeuvre is completed). Signals must be given in a way that does not mislead other road users. Turn indicators are not used when entering a roundabout where traffic circulates in a circle. JB

Drivers are generally required to carry only a driving licence or an identity document; other documents are required only if the driver is not the owner of the vehicle they are driving (RTR 16). A driver must stop the vehicle when ordered by an inspecting officer. The driver of a motor vehicle, tractor or self-propelled vehicle shall carry and, at the request of the inspecting officer, present a valid driving licence or a document certifying the right to drive tractors and/or self-propelled vehicles; the vehicle registration documents; the certificate of compulsory roadworthiness inspection (compulsory technical inspection); the report of the most recent technical inspection for vehicle categories M2, M3, N2, N3, O3, O4 and wheeled tractor categories T1b, T2b, T3b, T4.1b, T4.2b, T4.3b, T5; the certificate (policy) of compulsory motor third‑party liability insurance; and other documents specified by the laws of the Republic of Lithuania and these Rules (except where the Law on Road Traffic Safety provides that a driver is not required to carry the relevant documents). The driver must also allow the inspecting officer to check readings of validated devices registering driving time and rest periods. Documents should be presented without leaving the vehicle; the driver may exit the vehicle only with the inspecting officer's permission. 6. A driver whose licence was issued in the Republic of Lithuania need not carry and present the licence if they present a valid identity document. 7. A driver referred to in paragraph 6 who is driving a vehicle registered in the Republic of Lithuania is not required to carry and present the compulsory technical inspection document or the compulsory motor third‑party liability insurance certificate (policy) upon request of the inspecting officer. 8. A driver referred to in paragraph 6 who is driving a vehicle registered in the Republic of Lithuania that they own is not required to carry and present the documents referred to in paragraph 7 or the vehicle registration document upon request of the inspecting officer. (RTR 219). In the event of a road accident, every driver involved or any other road user must: 219.3. produce the driver's licence, vehicle registration and compulsory technical inspection documents, the motor third‑party liability insurance policy or other documents in their possession if so requested by other road users involved in the accident. JB

A catalytic converter neutralises (burns) harmful exhaust gases. It converts three toxic substances—carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and unburnt hydrocarbons (UHC)—into non-toxic substances through oxidation and reduction reactions. Its purpose is not to dampen engine noise; that is the role of the muffler (silencer). Removing a catalytic converter can alter the car's exhaust sound and often makes it louder or harsher, but this is only a side effect, not the converter's primary function.

Road sign 304 — "No entry for goods vehicles." Entry is prohibited for goods vehicles and vehicle combinations whose permissible maximum mass exceeds 3.5 tonnes or the weight shown on the sign. Tractors and self‑propelled vehicles are also prohibited, except for service vehicles.

Alcohol levels in the human body are measured using a breathalyser.

RTR p. 197. Seat belts must be worn over the shoulder and across the lap, or in the manner specified by the vehicle manufacturer. JB

RTR 174. On roads designated as Motorway or Motor Vehicle Road the following are prohibited: 174.2 standing or parking except in designated parking areas; RTR Annex 3 1.2. A BROAD CONTINUOUS LINE marks the edge of the carriageway and the boundaries of sections where entry is prohibited on motorways and highways; it separates traffic lanes reserved for public-service vehicles and delineates lanes from bus stops. Vehicles must not cross this line unless it marks the edge of the carriageway. JB

RTR 30. When approaching an uncontrolled pedestrian crossing, a driver must slow down or stop before the crossing to yield to pedestrians who have stepped into any lane, are moving within any lane, or are standing immediately before a lane (at the edge of the roadway) waiting for the opportunity to step into that lane in the direction of the vehicle’s travel or into any lane on a road with one lane in each direction. Drivers must take extra precautions during hours of darkness, when visibility is poor, or whenever a pedestrian crossing is not clearly visible from the driver’s position, and must ensure there are no pedestrians who should be given way at the crossing.

RTR 92. If the vehicle's hazard warning lights are absent or defective and an emergency stop is required where stopping or parking is prohibited, in the event of an accident, or when the stopped vehicle would be visible to other road users from less than 100 metres, the driver of a motor vehicle (excluding a motor moped and motorcycles without a trailer), a tractor, or a self-propelled machine must immediately place an emergency stop sign on the side of the carriageway opposite the direction of travel: within settlements not less than 25 m, and outside settlements not less than 50 m from the stopped vehicle. If at least one rear position lamp is defective and the hazard warning signal is not working when driving in darkness or poor visibility, an emergency stop sign must be affixed to the rear of the vehicle in order to continue driving.

Incorrect tyre pressure usually causes the vehicle to pull to one side during normal driving, not only when braking. If the car only pulls while braking, uneven braking is the likely cause — for example, a seized caliper, sticking pads, or poor adjustment causing one side to brake harder. Low brake fluid will reduce braking effectiveness or cause pedal problems, but it typically does not make the car swerve to one side only when braking.

Stopping distance is the distance a vehicle covers from the moment the driver becomes aware of an obstacle until the vehicle comes to a complete stop.

Paragraph 210 of the Road Traffic Rules states that a load must be marked if it extends more than 1 metre beyond the front or rear of the vehicle. A load that extends up to and including 1 metre may remain unmarked; any extension beyond 1 metre must be marked. RTR 210: Any motor vehicle carrying a load which extends beyond the front and rear of the vehicle by more than 1 m or beyond the side of the vehicle must have the extremities of the load marked as provided for in Annex 4 to these Rules.

RTR 81. Warning signals include: using turn and brake lights (arm signals may be used), sounding the horn, switching the headlights on and off, activating hazard warning lights or flashing amber beacons, and placing a warning triangle on the road or attaching it to the vehicle.

The higher the vehicle's speed when cornering, the greater the effect of inertia and the higher the risk of the car sliding sideways. Lower speeds reduce inertia and the risk of sliding. A larger turning radius (a gentler curve) also reduces lateral inertial forces.

When a wheel travels through standing water, the vehicle can aquaplane (ride on a layer of water), causing loss of traction and possible skidding. Hold the steering wheel firmly and gradually reduce speed to regain traction and maintain control.

RTR 201. Do not place a rear-facing child restraint suitable for the child's size on the front passenger seat if that seat is protected by an active airbag. This prohibition does not apply when the front passenger airbag is deactivated. It is recommended that children remain as long as possible in a rear-facing child restraint adapted to their height and weight, in accordance with the child seat manufacturer's instructions.

128. If there is an obstruction or traffic safety is endangered, the driver must reduce speed, stop if necessary, or avoid the obstruction (if it can be detected) without creating danger for other road users. 135. Drivers must not: 135.4. decelerate abruptly except for safety reasons.

The red and blue vehicles are on the priority (main) road, so they proceed first. Between them the priority-to-the-right rule applies: the red vehicle goes first because no vehicle is approaching from its right, followed by the blue vehicle. Vehicles on the side road follow: the green vehicle goes next (it has no vehicle to its right), and last is the yellow vehicle. RTR 154. At a controlled intersection, drivers on a side road must yield to vehicles on the priority road. RTR 156. If the main road’s direction changes at the intersection, drivers on the main road must, with respect to one another, follow the rules for intersections of roads of equal importance; drivers on the side road must apply those same rules among themselves. RTR Annex 2.204. 'STOP' — drivers must not proceed without stopping before the stop line or, if there is no line, before the sign. A driver must yield to vehicles traveling on the road he or she is about to cross. If panel No. 843 'Direction of Priority Road' is installed below the sign, the driver must yield to vehicles on the priority road.

Driving across a level crossing where the traffic lights are switched off and the barrier is raised or absent is permitted, but only if you obey traffic regulations and ensure that no train is approaching. 168. Before entering and crossing a level crossing, a road user must comply with road signs, road markings, the position of the barrier, traffic lights, audible warnings, and the signals given by level crossing attendants/controllers. Before entering a level crossing, a road user must always verify that no rail-borne vehicle is approaching the level crossing. It is recommended that children under 12 be accompanied when crossing a level crossing. 173. Drivers must not: 173.3. enter a level crossing after the barrier has been lowered or has begun to be lowered, willfully lift the barrier or manoeuvre around the barriers;

The motorcycle, being the only vehicle with no approaching traffic from the right, will enter the intersection first but will stop in the middle to give way to the passenger car (see Paragraph 157 of the Road Traffic Rules). After that, the goods vehicle will proceed through the intersection, as there will no longer be any vehicles approaching it from the right. The passenger car will go second, and the motorcycle will be last. A driver must comply with the requirement of Paragraph 155 of the Road Traffic Rules when driving straight ahead, turning left, or making a U-turn. RTR 155. At an uncontrolled intersection, drivers must give way to vehicles approaching from the right if the vehicle trajectories intersect. RTR 157. When turning left or making a U-turn, the driver shall give way to oncoming vehicles on a road of equal importance that are driving straight ahead or turning right, and—at an intersection where overtaking is allowed—to overtaking vehicles as well.

Technical requirements for vehicles operated on a road, Chapter IV, Paragraph 22: If fog lamps are fitted, they must only be capable of being switched on and off using an appropriate switch when the position lamps are switched on. Additionally, fog lamps must be capable of being switched off independently of any other lights.

3. Terms used in the Road Traffic Rules: 3.2. 'Give way' means that drivers must stop, or must not begin to drive or manoeuvre, if doing so would require other vehicle drivers to change their direction of travel or their speed.

The worst visibility at night occurs just before passing an oncoming vehicle because the oncoming headlights can dazzle the driver. When approximately 100 m remain before meeting an oncoming vehicle, the driver should reduce speed, keep as close as safely possible to the right edge of the carriageway, and look toward the kerb. These actions reduce glare and help the driver detect pedestrians, cyclists, people operating animal‑drawn vehicles, and other hazards more quickly. Specifically, drivers should: reduce speed to increase reaction time; position the vehicle near the right edge of the road to minimise the risk of head‑on conflicts and to allow space for unexpected events; and avoid looking directly at oncoming headlights, instead focusing toward the kerb or road edge to preserve night vision.

The AM category is sufficient to drive these vehicles, but it is not the only entitlement that allows you to do so. Possessing another driving category that authorises operation of such vehicles also permits you to drive them. LAW ON ROAD TRAFFIC SAFETY — Article 2. Basic concepts of the Law: 30. Light quadricycle means a four-wheeled motor vehicle with an unladen mass (excluding batteries if it is an electric vehicle) not exceeding 350 kg, a maximum design speed not exceeding 45 km/h, an engine capacity not exceeding 50 cm3 (for a spark-ignition engine), a maximum net power not exceeding 4 kW (for another type of internal combustion engine), and a maximum rated power not exceeding 4 kW (for an electric motor). 33. Moped means a two-wheeled motor vehicle with a maximum design speed exceeding 25 km/h and not exceeding 45 km/h, an engine capacity not exceeding 50 cm3 (for an internal combustion engine), and a maximum net power not exceeding 4 kW (for an electric motor); or a three-wheeled motor vehicle with a maximum design speed exceeding 25 km/h and not exceeding 45 km/h, an engine capacity not exceeding 50 cm3 (for a spark-ignition engine), a maximum net power not exceeding 4 kW (for another type of internal combustion engine), and a maximum net power not exceeding 4 kW (for an electric motor). LAW ON ROAD TRAFFIC SAFETY — Article 23. Categories of motor vehicles and the minimum driving age: 1. Categories of motor vehicles and their combinations with trailers: 1) Category AM: mopeds and light quadricycles;

RTR 175. In residential areas, pedestrians are permitted to walk on the roadway but must not obstruct vehicle traffic. Vehicles are required to yield to pedestrians in these areas.

If the road surface is slippery or the engine delivers strong torque and the revs increase abruptly, the driven wheels can spin. When the driven wheels are at the rear, the rear axle may lose traction; when they are at the front, the front axle may lose traction, which can cause the vehicle to lose stability and skid.

RTR 44. Pedestrians may enter the carriageway only after assessing the distance to and speed of approaching vehicles and ensuring it is safe to proceed. Before stepping onto or while moving along the carriageway, pedestrians must refrain from actions (such as using mobile devices) that would distract them from observing the surroundings and traffic conditions and would prevent them from confirming it is safe to continue.