Under amendments to the Law on Road Traffic Safety that took effect on 1 January 2015, novice drivers (those with less than two years' driving experience) are considered intoxicated if the alcohol concentration in their breath or bodily fluids exceeds 0. LAW ON ROAD TRAFFIC SAFETY, Article 2, clause 43 defines 'condition under the influence of alcohol' as the state when the concentration of ethyl alcohol in a biological medium of the body (breath, blood, urine, saliva, or other bodily fluids) exceeds the statutory permissible limit. The general maximum permitted concentration of ethyl alcohol in breath, blood, urine, saliva, or other bodily fluids while driving is 0.4 per mille. However, novice drivers, taxi drivers, drivers of mopeds, motorcycles, tricycles, light quadricycles, quadricycles, powerful quadricycles, drivers of vehicles with a maximum permissible mass exceeding 3.5 tonnes or with more than nine seats, and drivers carrying dangerous goods are considered intoxicated when the ethyl alcohol concentration in their breath, blood, urine, saliva, or other bodily fluids is more than 0 per mille.

During the summer season, it is permitted to drive on winter tyres that do not have studs. Such winter tyres are often used in summer when their tread depth is approximately 3 mm; during the winter season winter tyres may be used if their tread depth is at least 3 mm. The tread depth of tyres used in the summer season must not be less than 1.6 mm. RTR XXX. REQUIREMENTS FOR VEHICLES (p. 223-235) 229. Vehicles with studded tyres must not be used from April 10 to October 31. During the warm season, it is recommended to use vehicles with summer tyres. If winter conditions are prolonged, an order of the Minister of Transport and Communications may extend the permitted period for using studded tyres. 230. From November 10 to March 31, motor vehicles other than mopeds, motorcycles, tricycles, all types of quadricycles, and trailers must not be operated with summer tyres. Mopeds, motorcycles, tricycles, and all types of quadricycles fitted with summer tyres must not be operated in December–February, and also from March to November if any part of the carriageway is covered with snow or ice. JB

RTR 73.11. A red light or two alternately flashing red lights prohibit traffic; if the light displays black arrow(s), it prohibits traffic in the direction(s) indicated by the arrow(s) and indicates which directions road users may proceed when the green arrow appears. RTR 162. Drivers who entered the intersection in accordance with a traffic light signal permitting them to proceed may continue in their intended direction regardless of the traffic light signal shown when the vehicle is leaving the intersection. However, if the 'STOP' sign and/or a 'Stop' line is present at the intersection before other traffic lights on the route, the driver must obey every traffic light signal. RTR 165. If traffic light signals or traffic officers prohibit driving, drivers must stop before the 'STOP' sign and/or the 'Stop' line if present; if not, they must stop before the traffic lights, before the carriageway they are about to cross or join, or before a pedestrian or bicycle crossing so as not to obstruct vehicular or pedestrian traffic.

RTR 40. An organised group of children consisting of persons under the age of 16 must be accompanied by at least two accompanying persons. Such a group should use pavements, footpaths or combined footpaths and cycle tracks (on the pedestrian side) if available; if these are not available, the group may use the hard shoulder but only in daylight, with good visibility, in no more than two abreast and against the flow of traffic when it is safe to do so. Accompanying persons must be positioned at the front and the rear of the column and wear high-visibility vests. It is recommended that all children in the organised group who walk along the hard shoulder also wear high-visibility vests.

RTR 21. Driving training. 4. Driving instruction on roads is permitted only when the student possesses sufficient driving skill. Instruction may be carried out only on roads where the owner has not prohibited it.

8. After receiving a summons from the police, the road user must appear at the police station at the specified time. He must bring an identity document and any other documents listed in the summons. JB

RTR 81. Warning signals include: using turn and brake lights (arm signals may be used), sounding the horn, switching the headlights on and off, activating hazard warning lights or flashing amber beacons, and placing a warning triangle on the road or attaching it to the vehicle.

This sign indicates the end of the minimum speed requirement; it does not specify a particular permitted speed. The applicable speed depends on other road signs, regulations and current driving conditions. Road sign 415 — End of minimum speed limit.

When the vehicle turns left, the load shifts to the right due to inertia.

When stopped uphill at a red traffic light, the recommended way to keep a manual-transmission car stationary is to use the parking brake. This is especially advised for inexperienced drivers, as it makes starting away easier and reduces the risk of rolling backward.

Driving uphill requires more power than driving on level ground. Therefore, maintain a steady speed and avoid accelerating on climbs. It is reasonable to increase speed on level sections or when driving downhill. At a constant speed, using a higher gear reduces engine revolutions; lower revolutions mean the engine works less and uses less fuel. Do not coast in neutral when descending — this is not only uneconomical but also unsafe. While coasting downhill, vehicle systems may cut fuel supply, so the instrument reading can show 0.0 l/100 km (if you do not press the accelerator). It is most economical to start moving immediately after you start the engine. Idling a stationary vehicle consumes fuel and emits pollutants; the engine will warm up and reach normal operating temperature during driving (unless there is a malfunction).

When driving under the influence of alcohol, attention and comprehension are reduced; critical thinking and memory are impaired; coordination of movements deteriorates; reflexes are weakened or lost; drivers take longer to perceive signals and interpret situations; overall driving performance declines, reaction times slow, and vehicle control worsens or may be lost.

Vehicles may be approaching from the rear on the left-hand side, so opening the door could be unsafe. (RTR 148) Do not open the doors of a parked vehicle if doing so would create an obstruction or pose a hazard to other road users.

The driver of the following vehicle must dip their headlights so as not to dazzle the driver ahead. The vehicle in front should switch to low beam only if the following vehicle begins to overtake, to avoid dazzling that driver. RTR 95. During darkness or in poor visibility, main beam headlights must be switched to low beam: 95.1 on illuminated roads; 95.2 when the distance to a vehicle approaching from the opposite direction is at least 150 m; 95.3 in other cases when main beam lights can dazzle other drivers (even travelling in the same direction). JB

A generator charges the battery and supplies electrical current to the vehicle's electrical systems and other consumers only while the engine is running, i.e. while the engine's crankshaft is turning. Via the drive pulley and belt, the crankshaft turns the generator, which produces electricity.

LAW ON ROAD TRAFFIC SAFETY, Article 2, item 43. Intoxication — the state of a person who has consumed ethyl alcohol, when the concentration of that alcohol in the body's biological media (exhaled air, blood, urine, saliva or other bodily fluids) exceeds the legal limit. The maximum permitted concentration of ethyl alcohol in the exhaled air, blood, urine, saliva or other bodily fluids of persons driving vehicles is 0.4 per mille. Novice drivers, taxi drivers, and drivers of mopeds, motorcycles, tricycles, light quadricycles, four-wheel power quadricycles, vehicles with a maximum permissible weight over 3.5 t or with more than 9 seats, and drivers transporting dangerous goods are considered intoxicated when the concentration of ethyl alcohol in their exhaled air, blood, urine, saliva or other bodily fluids is greater than 0 per mille. JB

XXIX. Obligations of Road Users in the Event of a Road Accident (paras. 219–222) 219. In the event of a road accident, every driver involved or any other road user must: 219.4. if a person has died or been injured in the road accident, report the accident to the police and remain at the scene of the accident or, after notifying the police, return to the scene and wait for the police to arrive, except in cases where the police permit the road user to leave the scene, or where casualties or the person reporting the accident require urgent first aid; 220. If no deaths or injuries occurred in the road accident and the road users involved in the accident agree on the circumstances of the accident and do not call the police to the scene, the road users involved must draw the accident diagram on the Road Accident Report Form, describe the circumstances in writing, and have it signed by all involved road users. If none of the road users involved has the Road Accident Report Form, the circumstances may be described and the diagram drawn on a blank sheet of paper where all road users involved, their vehicles, and witnesses are listed, and all details and circumstances of the accident are confirmed by the signatures of the road users involved. Where the circumstances of the accident are disputed, the police must be called to the scene.

The function of a vehicle suspension system is to convert bumps and shocks transmitted to the wheels, with the aid of shock absorbers, into minor oscillations of the vehicle body, providing comfort for driver and passengers. The suspension reduces body oscillations, and when functioning properly it enhances driving safety.

3.3. Clutch control: 3.3.3. Keep the clutch lever depressed only for the time necessary to engage, change, or disengage a gear, to start moving, to stop, or to maneuver at low speed;

RTR 195. Drivers must not: 195.1. carry more passengers than are permitted by the vehicle's technical specifications; JB

RTR 17. At the request of a police officer, a driver must submit to tests for alcohol intoxication or for intoxication caused by narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, or other psychoactive substances, in the manner prescribed by the Government of the Republic of Lithuania. RTR 14. It is prohibited to drive a vehicle if you are not authorized to do so, if you are under the influence of alcohol, narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances or other psychoactive substances. A person who is fatigued or ill must not drive if driving may endanger road safety. A vehicle must not be entrusted to a person who is under the influence of such factors or who is not authorized to drive that type of vehicle. When operating a vehicle, the driver must comply with the conditions specified on the driving licence. JB

Traffic rules prohibit reversing only on motorways, expressways and in tunnels; otherwise reversing is allowed. U‑turns are prohibited here because they would require driving against the flow of traffic. RTR Annex 1, III — Restrictive signs: Road sign 332 'No stopping'. Vehicles must not stop or stand on the side of the road where this sign is placed, except for stopping at bus stops. The sign does not apply to vehicles displaying the distinguishing sign 'A person with a disability' or holding a parking card for people with disabilities. If the sign is used in combination with road marking 1.4, the prohibition applies until the end of that marking. RTR Annex 1, V — Special regulation signs: Road sign 503 'One-way traffic' — indicates a road or carriageway where vehicular traffic moves in one direction across the full width.

Gradually apply the accelerator and steer smoothly to return the vehicle to the intended line. Slightly increasing front-wheel traction helps counteract the rear's lateral slide, reducing the effect of centrifugal force and stabilizing the vehicle.

RTR 77.1. When the traffic officer's arms are extended sideways or pointed downward: 77.1.1. Vehicles located to the officer's left and right may proceed straight ahead or turn right; pedestrians may cross the carriageway. 77.1.2. Vehicles and pedestrians positioned in front of or behind the officer must not proceed. JB

RTR 30. When approaching an uncontrolled pedestrian crossing, a driver must slow down or stop before the crossing to yield to pedestrians who have stepped into any lane, are moving within any lane, or are standing immediately before a lane (at the edge of the roadway) waiting for the opportunity to step into that lane in the direction of the vehicle’s travel or into any lane on a road with one lane in each direction. Drivers must take extra precautions during hours of darkness, when visibility is poor, or whenever a pedestrian crossing is not clearly visible from the driver’s position, and must ensure there are no pedestrians who should be given way at the crossing.

According to the Road Traffic Rules (RTR 73.3), a flashing green light permits traffic to proceed but indicates that the green phase is ending and that a prohibitive signal will soon appear. Drivers who try to speed through the intersection — by accelerating or overtaking — take unnecessary risks and may cause an accident. Other drivers may brake suddenly; therefore, to pass the intersection safely while the green light is flashing, drivers must ensure their actions will not obstruct other vehicles and must consider the behavior of drivers behind them, since sudden braking can also lead to collisions. Anticipating the need to stop before the intersection, drivers should reduce their speed.

Warning signs alert drivers to upcoming changes in traffic conditions. Sign 126, 'Two-Way Traffic', indicates the start of a carriageway section with opposing traffic. Sign 504, 'End of One-Way Traffic', is a regulatory sign that marks the end of a one-way traffic section. (RTR Annex 1: 126 and 504.)

If the vehicle begins to slide while braking, you must stop braking. For example, if you brake suddenly and lock the wheels before a turn, even after steering into the desired direction the car will continue moving in its previous direction (straight), which can cause you to leave the road or collide with an obstacle. Therefore, in this situation you must consciously release the brakes — a maneuver that can be especially difficult for an inexperienced driver. JB

A driving licence of categories B and BE entitles the holder to drive a passenger car (RTR 14). It is prohibited to operate a vehicle if you do not have the legal right to do so, or if you are under the influence of alcohol, narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances, or other psychoactive substances. A person who is fatigued or ill must not drive if driving could endanger road safety. A vehicle must not be entrusted to anyone who is under the influence of the aforementioned factors or who is not authorized to drive that type of vehicle. When operating a vehicle, the driver must comply with the restrictions and endorsements indicated on the driving licence.